chemistry practicals reports

 Requirements:-  Tea bags, dichloromethane, separatory funnel, anhydrous sodium sulphate.  Theory:- Caffeine is a naturally occurring alkaloids found in tea and coffee.  Caffeine is soluble in hot water but more soluble in organic solvent like dichloromethane. Water is Immisible with dichloromethane so caffeine come in organic solvent and from this we can easily extract from it.  Procedure:- 1.Tea bags was put in a beaker containing distilled water and heat it for 10 minutes.  2.After 10 minutes remove the tea bags from boiling water and again add these tea bags in another beaker containing hot water to remove leftover caffeine.  3.Then cool down this solution and take it in separatory funnel and add dichloromethane in it. And shake  it properly so that two layer can form.  4.Then after some time two layer separate out, then take lower layer as methylene dichloride is denser than water.  5.Then add sodium sulphate in the lower layer so t...

REQUIREMENTS:- carrot,methanol,hexane,mortar pistle,waterbath,separatory funnel,spetrophotometer. PROCEDURE: - 1.CARROT WAS TAKEN AND CRUSHED WITH THE HELP OF MORTOR AND PISTLE. 2.NOW CARROT WAS DISSOLVED IN 250 mL OF METHANOL AND COVER WITH ALUMINIUM FOIL. 3.NOW BEAKER WAS PUT ON WATERBATH FOR ONE HOUR WITH CONSTANT STIRRING. 4.NOW REMOVE FROM WATERBATH  AND COOL DOWN AT ROOM TEMPEATURE  AND FILTER. 5.NOW TAKE 10mL OF HEXANE AND 10mL OF FILTRATE IN A SEPARATORY FUNNEL AND SHAKE PROPERLY. 6.THEN TWO LAYERS SEPARATE OUT .LOWER LAYER IS OF METHANOL AND UPPER LAYER IS OF HEXANE CONTAIN BETA CARROTENE. 7.NOW TAKE UPPER LAYER  AND ENALYSE THIS LAYER.