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Extraction of Piperine from Black pepper.

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 Piperine is made up of 5-9%of alkaloid that also include piperidine, piperitine, piperanine. And come from fruit of aschanti. Piperine is soluble in organic solvent so by using dichloromethane we can extract in more quantity.  Requirements:- Black pepper, Dichloromethane, round bottom flask, water condenser, beaker, mortor pistle.  Procedure:- 1.Take 10 g of black pepper and make powder of it with the help of mortor and pistle.  2.Then add 20mL of dichloromethane in a round bottom flask and put on magnetic stirrer.  3.Attach a water condenser at the top of the flask and alow the water to run through it to condense the CH2Cl2 vapour while refluxing the solution for 20 minutes.  4.Cool down the flask and then filter the solution and dry the  ground and wash with CH2Cl2 and take small volume of it use for TLC.  5.Then note down the melting point it.      Melting point of Pipperine :- 133°C.
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Extraction of caffeine from Tea

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 Requirements:-  Tea bags, dichloromethane, separatory funnel, anhydrous sodium sulphate.  Theory:- Caffeine is a naturally occurring alkaloids found in tea and coffee.  Caffeine is soluble in hot water but more soluble in organic solvent like dichloromethane. Water is Immisible with dichloromethane so caffeine come in organic solvent and from this we can easily extract from it.  Procedure:- 1.Tea bags was put in a beaker containing distilled water and heat it for 10 minutes.  2.After 10 minutes remove the tea bags from boiling water and again add these tea bags in another beaker containing hot water to remove leftover caffeine.  3.Then cool down this solution and take it in separatory funnel and add dichloromethane in it. And shake  it properly so that two layer can form.  4.Then after some time two layer separate out, then take lower layer as methylene dichloride is denser than water.  5.Then add sodium sulphate in the lower layer so t...
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Analyse the extracted Beta Carrotene by Spectrophotometer

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 Analysis by Spectrophotometer Beta carrotene was found in hexane layer. Now we check the beta carrotene is present in hexane or not by spectrophotometer. Take small quantity of this solution in cuvette and put in spectrophotometer and set the filter. Now set the transmittance of spectrophotometer 100% so that it contains 0% absorbance so that it doesn't interfer in absorbance of beta carrotene. Now switch on spectrophotometer and note down the absorbance at different value of wavelength  and at one value absorbance is maximum it is lambda max. At 450nm absorbance is maximum of this solution, so it indicates solution contains beta carrotene. Now take this solution and put on steam bath for 5 minutes  and after that crude beta carrotene obtained and melting point was noted down. 
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Extraction Of Beta Carotene from carrot

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REQUIREMENTS:- carrot,methanol,hexane,mortar pistle,waterbath,separatory funnel,spetrophotometer. PROCEDURE: - 1.CARROT WAS TAKEN AND CRUSHED WITH THE HELP OF MORTOR AND PISTLE. 2.NOW CARROT WAS DISSOLVED IN 250 mL OF METHANOL AND COVER WITH ALUMINIUM FOIL. 3.NOW BEAKER WAS PUT ON WATERBATH FOR ONE HOUR WITH CONSTANT STIRRING. 4.NOW REMOVE FROM WATERBATH  AND COOL DOWN AT ROOM TEMPEATURE  AND FILTER. 5.NOW TAKE 10mL OF HEXANE AND 10mL OF FILTRATE IN A SEPARATORY FUNNEL AND SHAKE PROPERLY. 6.THEN TWO LAYERS SEPARATE OUT .LOWER LAYER IS OF METHANOL AND UPPER LAYER IS OF HEXANE CONTAIN BETA CARROTENE. 7.NOW TAKE UPPER LAYER  AND ENALYSE THIS LAYER. 
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